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Caractérisation physique et géochimique d'hydrates de gaz d'environnements géologiques différents. Apport des techniques de Diffraction X Synchrotron et de Spectroscopie Raman. Contribution à l'étude de leur origine, formation et stabilité sur les marges ArchiMer
Bourry, Christophe.
Clathrate hydrates are inclusion compounds consisting of an ice-like network of water cages surrounding occluded guest molecules. They occur beneath the oceans and in polar regions, where low temperature and high pressure conditions prevail. Natural gas hydrates, mainly composed of methane occur worldwide and may contain huge natural gas amount, but they can also play an important role in continental slope stability or climate change, due to the potentially enormous "greenhouse" feedback effect of methane. The knowledge of their occurrence in the natural environment, their physical, chemical or thermodynamical properties is essential to prevent geohazards, to anticipate their role in climate change or to develop technologies to take advantage of this...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: X Ray synchrotron diffraction; Raman spectroscopy; Geochemistry; Gas hydrate; Eau interstitielle; Diffraction X synchrotron; Spectroscopie Raman; Géochimie; Hydrate de gaz.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2008/these-6236.pdf
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Eléments azotés de la colonne d'eau et de l'interface eau-sédiment du bassin de Marennes-Oléron : influence des cultures d'huîtres ArchiMer
Feuillet-girard, Michelle; Heral, Maurice; Sornin, Jean-marc; Deslous-paoli, Jean-marc; Robert, Jean-michel; Mornet, Francoise; Razet, Daniel.
The respective influences of the sediment and of oyster (Crassostrea gigas) farming on the accumulation and the recycling of different forms of organic and inorganic nitrogen are described. Fluxes of dissolved inorganic and organic forms of nitrogen were studied between the water column, the water overlying the sediment and the pore waters, while for particulate forms the fluxes were studied between suspended material, the "biodeposits" (faeces and pseudofaeces of Crassostrea) and the sediment. The flux of inorganic nitrogen amounts to 10.5 106 g.m(-2). Yr(-1), while that of organic nitrogen is half this figure. The particulate flux is 15.106 g.m(-2).yr(-1). On the other hand, the phytoplanktonic nitrogen accounts for only 6% of the total particulate...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Marenne Oleron; Sediment; Pore water; Interface; Crassostrea gigas; Nitrogen; Marennes Oléron; Sédiment; Eau interstitielle; Adsorption; Interface; Crassostrea gigas; Azote.
Ano: 1988 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1988/publication-2878.pdf
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Minéralisation de la matière organique et échanges ioniques à l'interface eau-sédiment de l'étang de Berre, Méditerranée ArchiMer
Delmas, Daniel.
The étang de Berre, near Marseilles (France), is an inland brackish basin with a high primary rate of production. In 1966, the diversion of the Durance River introduced important hydrological changes. A study of organic matter mineralization and ionie exchanges at the water-sediment interface has made it possible to distinguish two areas, according to the composition of organic matter, mineralization mechanism and ionie transfers. In the North, the high rate of mineral sedimentation leads to a low content of organic matter in the sediment. This organic matter of detrital origin is little affected by mineralization; there is, however, high production of ammonium nitrogen, which is released to overlying waters. Nitrates and nitrites undergo denitrification...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Interface eau-sédiment; Matière organique; Eau interstitielle; Minèralisation; Milieu saumâtre; Water-sediment interface; Organic matter; Lnterstitial water; Mineralization; Brackish basin.
Ano: 1980 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00122/23317/21142.pdf
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